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Cray X1E Supercomputer
The Cray X1E™ system delivers maximum performance for the world's most challenging computational problems.
The Cray X1E system builds on the success of the Cray X1 system by adding advanced, binary compatible, dual-core processors to deliver better performance and greater density. It offers a significant improvement in price/performance over its predecessor. High Performance CPU The Cray X1E CPU is a multi-streaming processor (MSP) that uses the instruction set introduced with the Cray X1 system. The instruction set architecture (ISA) includes a complete set of powerful vector arithmetic and logical operations supplemented by a full set of scalar and memory reference instructions. With large numbers of registers, support for both 32- and 64-bit computations, and scalable synchronization features, the Cray X1E system can deliver excellent performance to a wide range of applications. Scalable Interconnect and Memory Excellent CPU performance must be balanced by memory and interconnect performance to ensure that CPUs are fully utilized and not left waiting for data. The Cray X1E system is designed with tightly-coupled memory and interconnect subsystems that deliver excellent, scalable performance. Unlike most other systems, the Cray X1E system has a DSM architecture that integrates the memory and interconnect subsystems to allow memory references to be efficiently routed directly to the appropriate local or remote memory. Memory is physically distributed on individual modules, but all memory is directly addressable to and accessible by any MSP in the system through the use of load and store instructions. Scalable I/O A key requirement for a truly scalable system is scalable I/O. The Cray X1E I/O subsystem has been designed to balance computing power with I/O performance and maintain this balance as the system grows. Each compute module has four I/O ports that connect to the Cray X1E I/O cabinet, and from there to storage devices or the Cray Network Server (CNS) which handles external network connections. Since each port provides peak channel bandwidth of 1.2 GB per second per direction, each additional compute module can add an additional 4.8 GB per second of peak I/O bandwidth to the system. These I/O ports are connected to the memory and interconnect subsystems, making each I/O channel accessible to all processors and allowing I/O operations to read from or write to memory anywhere in the system. True Single System Image OS The operating system for the Cray X1E supercomputer, UNICOS/mp, is a true single system image operating system. UNICOS/mp takes advantage of the DSM architecture of the system to simplify administration, to simplify the I/O architecture, and to provide a single login. With UNICOS/mp, each node on the system runs a kernel responsible for managing resources local to the node, but system-wide services, such as scheduling and file system management, are run on a single node designated as the system node. Multiple system nodes can be configured for very large systems. The kernels on each node communicate using low-level message-passing protocols that exploit the DSM architecture for high performance. The result is a system that allows administrators to manage a Cray X1E system, regardless of size, as if it were a single node. One system to install, one system to upgrade, one system to configure, one system to manage. High Performance Application Support To allow application developers to exploit the powerful features of the Cray X1E system, Cray offers a full set of compilers, libraries, and tools. This software is run on the Cray Programming Environment Server (CPES), off-loading development workload from the primary compute processors. |
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Learn More
 Cray X1E Datasheet Aerodynamics ofHummingbirds - Army High Performance Computing Research Center Fluid Flow SimulationUsing ISLB - Oak Ridge National Laboratory Sales Inquiry |
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